by Dr. James Lyons-Weiler, PhD, Popular Rationalism, reposted with permission
(Jun. 1, 2023) — Finally, after peer review, the Cleveland clinic study report that “The higher the number of vaccines previously received, the higher the risk of contracting COVID-19” has been properly published.
“Risk of COVID-19… increased with time since most recent prior COVID-19 episode and with the number of vaccine doses previously received.’
https://academic.oup.com/ofid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ofid/ofad209/7131292
See their Fig 2. ZERO doses had the lowest incidence of COVID-19, and more doses means more COVID.
The authors wrote:
“During an Omicron wave in Iceland, individuals who had previously received 2 or more doses were found to have a higher odds of reinfection than those who had received fewer than 2 doses of vaccine, in an unadjusted analysis [21]. A large study found, in an adjusted analysis, that those who had an Omicron variant infection after previously receiving three doses of vaccine had a higher risk of reinfection than those who had an Omicron variant infection after previously receiving two doses of vaccine [22]. Another study found, in multivariable analysis, that receipt of two or three doses of a mRNA vaccine following prior COVID-19 was associated with a higher risk of reinfection than receipt of a single dose [7]. Immune imprinting from prior exposure to different antigens in a prior vaccine [22,23], and class switch towards non-inflammatory spike-specific IgG4 antibodies after repeated SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination [24], have been suggested as possible mechanisms by why prior vaccine may provide less protection than expected. We still have a lot to learn about protection from COVID-19 vaccination, and in addition to a vaccine’s effectiveness, it is important to examine whether multiple vaccine doses given over time may not be having the beneficial effect that is generally assumed.”
Shrestha, NB et al., 2023. Effectiveness of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Bivalent Vaccine Open Forum Infectious Diseases, ofad209, https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofad209